18B-4 |
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E. J. PARK, S. M. Lee, C. S. Bang, H. B. Lee, and J. Lee. Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National Univ., 48 Gaeshin-dong, Heungduk-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 361-763, South Korea Although significant progress has been made in reducing dental caries, the disease still remains a problem for many children and adults. Numerous antibiotics like sporamycin and chlorhexidine are being used for antibacterial agents against Streptococcus mutans to reduce plaque mediated diseases inducing dental caries. However, these chemicals possess many adverse effects such as bacterial tolerance, vomiting, diarrhea and teeth staining. These problems necessitate further search for natural antimicrobial agents that are safe for human and specific for oral pathogens. The objectives of this study were to screen mushrooms as potential candidate to prevent dental caries and to determine the optimum solvent mixtures for anticariogenic activity using mixture response surface methodology (M-RSM). Various mushrooms were investigated as a potential candidate with anticariogenic acitivities; Agaricus bisporus, Flamm velutipes, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceum, Lyopyllum ulmarium, Pholiota adiposa, Pleuotus eryngii, and Shiitake edodes. All mushrooms were extracted with chloroform, methanol, ethyl acetate, water, and acetone. These extracts were examined for inhibition activities against Streptococcus mutans and glucosyltransferase (Gtase). The extracts of H. erinaceum and L. ulmarium using the combination of chloroform and methanol showed higher antimicrobial activities. On the other hand, the extracts of G. lucidum, S. edodes, and H. erinaceum by using the same solvent combination were more effective inhibitors against Gtase by disc diffusion test. According to these results, H. erinaceum and three solvents were chosen and the optimal extraction condition was determined by M-RSM. The optimal combination of solvents for maximum anticariogenic activities was chloroform : methanol : ethyl acetate=33.33 : 53.02 : 13.65 (v:v:v). The extract of H. erinaceum could be an effective agent in the prevention of dental caries.
Session 18B, Food Chemistry: Antioxidant and bioactive agents
2005 IFT Annual Meeting, July 15-20 - New Orleans, Louisiana |