18C-20 |
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M. D. C. Valadez V1, E. CONTRERAS, V2, J. Jaimez, M. Jimenez, T. S. Hernandez, and R. I. Beltran. (1) Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.6, carr. Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.6, Pachuca, Hidalgo, 42076, Mexico, (2) Centro de Investigaciones Quimicas/Alimentos, Univ. Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Ciudad Universitaria, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo km 4.5, Pachuca C.P. 42076, 42076, Mexico The grain production is one of the most important crops in the world, mainly in developing countries. Rice, wheat, barley and corn are considered as the main grain crops produced. Agricultural production has decreased in the last years due to several factors as the low prices, the abandon of the fields crops and land erosion. In Latin America, the losses of land for crop production average 20-60 ton/ha/year. In order to reduce this problem, sustainable tillage systems need to be implemented to provide alternatives to continuous cropping. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of two tillage systems (rotation and conventional tillage) on the chemical composition of barley and wheat cropped in the states of Hidalgo and Tlaxcala in Mexico. The protein, fat, fiber, ash and moisture contents were determined in grains, leaves and stalks, according to the AOAC methodologies. Sugars and vitamins were quantified by HPLC. The minerals content determination was conducted using an inductive coupling plasma spectrophotometer. Our results showed a high percent of ash in leaves of wheat and barley (from 14.81 to 18.75% and from 12.20 t 18.56%, respectively). Regarding the protein content, it was observed that the grains of both crops presents the higher protein amount (from 6.96 to 10.96% for wheat and from 9.19 to 13.70% for barley) compared to the content of protein of leaves and stalks. However, the leaves and stalks of wheat and barley cropped in Tlaxcala (under rotation system) and Hidalgo (under corservation system) respectively, presented a higher quantity of protein. The different samples of wheat and barley studied presented a high concentration of Mg, K, Na and Ca. Our results show that for the one-year period studied, there were no significant diferences between the values obtained of samples cropped under both tillage systems.
Session 18C, Food Chemistry: Food composition, analysis and volatiles
2005 IFT Annual Meeting, July 15-20 - New Orleans, Louisiana |