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J. A. NETTLETON, ScienceVoice Consulting, 2931 Race St., Denver, CO 80205-4557 Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) from fish and plants are widely recommended for cardiovascular benefits. Long-chain (LC) n-3 PUFAs are also critical for optimum neurodevelopment during fetal and infant growth. Promising evidence suggests these PUFAs may be important in some immune/inflammatory conditions, neuropsychiatric disorders, respiratory conditions, and visual function. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a long-chain n-3 PUFA, is also involved in the regulation of gene expression and cell signaling. Consumption of n-3 PUFAs, particularly LC forms, in the U.S. is among the lowest in the world, yet consumer fears and exaggerated risk from contaminants have discouraged fish consumption. Fatty fish, fish oils, and synthesis of n-3 LC-PUFAs from algae remain the primary dietary sources of n-3 LC-PUFAs. Substitution of alpha-linolenic acid from flax, walnuts, and canola for n-3 LC-PUFAs may inadequately meet the need for n-3 LC-PUFAs during pregnancy and lactation because of limited conversion to LC forms. This paper discusses current recommendations, dietary availability, risks, and benefits associated with different dietary sources of these critical nutrients.
Session 28, Good fish, bad fish: Perceptions of benefits and risk
2005 IFT Annual Meeting, July 15-20 - New Orleans, Louisiana |