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J. R. LUPTON, Dept. of Nutrition & Food Science, Texas A&M Univ., 213 Kleberg Bldg., TAMU Mail Stop 2253, College Station, TX 77843-2253 The key issues covered by the Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee with respect to carbohydrates include a recommendation to: increase intake of fiber-rich foods and to substitute whole grains for refined grains; choose all carbohydrate-containing foods carefully; and maximize nutrient content per calorie consumed. For the first time, the Guidelines Advisory Committee used an evidence-based review process to come to their conclusions and there are a series of evidence-based reviews with conclusive statements. For example, there are conclusive statements on the appropriate ratio of carbohydrate to fat to protein in the diet; on the protective effect of fiber on heart disease, diabetes and laxation; and on the protective effect of whole grains on diabetes, weight control and heart disease. An important concept described in this report is that of “discretionary calories.” Discretionary calories represent the difference between the calories one needs to just meet energy needs and those that need to be consumed to meet nutrient needs. For some individuals, such as sedentary women over 50, this is a very small amount. The concept of discretionary calories was used to describe how high energy dense but nutrient poor foods should be treated when planning a diet. “Added sugars” fall into this category and are discussed in detail. The science behind each of these decisions by the Guidelines Committee will be presented.
Session 22, 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: The science
2005 IFT Annual Meeting, July 15-20 - New Orleans, Louisiana |