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P. M. KRIS-ETHERTON, Dept. of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State Univ., 126-C Henderson South Bldg., University Park, PA 16802 The 2005 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee employed an evidence-based review of the total fat and fatty acids literature, along with published reports (Dietary Reference Intakes [DRI] report on macronutrients, NCEP-ATP III Treatment Guidelines, AHRQ reports on omega-3 fatty acids, AHA Dietary Guidelines and Science Advisories) on related topics to make dietary recommendations for total fat and fatty acids. Areas of emphasis were nutrient adequacy, coronary disease, and cancer. The recommendation for total fat and fatty acids is: Choose Fats Wisely for Good Health. The specific recommendations for total fat and some of the individual fatty acids are the same as those made in the DRI report on macronutrients. For total fat, 20 to 35% of calories is recommended. Nutrient adequacy can be achieved within the recommended range for total fat. In addition, fatty acid and cholesterol recommendations are achievable within the recommended intake for total fat. Recommendations for linoleic acid (5-10% of calories), monounsaturated fatty acids (remaining fatty acids to meet total fat recommendation), and alpha-linolenic acid (0.6 to 1.2% of calories) are consistent with those in the DRI report. Recommendations for saturated fatty acids and dietary cholesterol represent a variation of those made by ATP III for individuals with high LDL-cholesterol levels. For individuals with an LDL-cholesterol level under 130 mg/dL, less than 10% of calories from saturated fat and less than 300 mg of dietary cholesterol per day are recommended. For persons with a high LDL-cholesterol level (greater than 130 mg/dL), less than 7% of calories from saturated fat and less than 200 mg of dietary cholesterol per day are recommended. Other new dietary recommendations for fatty acids are for trans fatty acids and fish. Less than 1% of calories from trans fatty acids and 2 servings/week of fish (preferably fish high in n-3 fatty acids) are recommended.
Session 22, 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: The science
2005 IFT Annual Meeting, July 15-20 - New Orleans, Louisiana |