49I-18 |
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M. O. CORTEZ-ROCHA1, D. Molina-Gil2, R. I. Sánchez-Mariñez3, E. C. Rosas-Burgos2, F. J. Wong-Corral2, J. Borboa-Flores2, A. Burgos-Hernandez2, J. Lozano Taylor4, and M. Súarez-Jiménez2. (1) Research and Food Science Graduate Program, University of Sonora, Rosales y Luis Encinas s/n, Colonia centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, Mexico, (2) Mexico, (3) Department of Chemical Biological Sciences, University of Sonora, Rosales y Luis Encinas s/n, Colonia centro, Hermosillo, Sonora. N/A, 83000, Mexico, (4) Industrial Engineering Department, University of Sonora, Rosales y Luis Encinas s/n, Colonia centro, Hermosillo, Sonora. N/A, 83000, Mexico Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most commonly cultivated grains in Mexico. The high occurrence of mycotoxins contamination is due to field and storage toxigenic mold infestation. Fusaria are common field fungi that infect most cereal grains. They produce a number of mycotoxins which are known to be toxic. Fumonisins are a group of naturally occurring mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticilloides and others and occur worldwide in corn. Contamination of food and feed with fumonisins has been implicated and associated with a number of diseases in animal and human beings. Fumonisins are resistant to most processing conditions such as frying, baking and dry milling. The objective of this study was to identify the mycoflora which grow in maize kernel and to determine the occurrence of fumonisin B1 in the grain. Corn samples (275) were collected directly from the field in several location of Sonora since 1998 to 2001. Samples of freshly harvested maize were plated on malt salt agar to identify the mycoflora on freshly harvested corn. To determine the occurrence of fumonisins in the grain, Fumonitest® procedure was used. HPLC analyses were carried for confirmation of fumonisin B1. Micological analysis revealed a predominance of Fusarium ssp, followed by Alternaria spp and Penicillium spp. Aspergillus flavus, A. glaucus, A. niger, and A. ochraceus were detected in low amount. Fumonisin was detected in 79% of the samples ranging from 0.1 to 8.8 ppm. Few samples exceeded the concentration recently recommended by the FDA.
Session 49I, Toxicology & Safety Evaluation: General
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