45F-25 |
Total phenolics, anthocyanins, carotenoid profiles and antioxidant properties of Mayhaw, a U.S. native fruit |
M. VIZZOTTO, L. A. Cisneros-Zevallos, and D. H. Byrne. Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M Univ., 2133 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2133 Mayhaw (Crataegus opaca), an indigenous fruit from southern U.S. is traditionally used in jams, jellies, sauces and wines. However, its nutraceutical potential has not been documented. To define the nutraceutical market potential of a new product, information regarding the type, amount and bioactivity of its phytochemical compounds is needed. This information will help the industry and customers to be aware of the compounds present, as well as the health benefits Mayhaw fruits may provide. Our objective was to determine the diversity of phytochemicals present in mayhaw, as well as their level of bioactivity as antioxidants. Seven mayhaw varieties with different flesh colors were analyzed regarding their phytochemical profiles, as well as antioxidant properties. Varieties tested were ‘Texas Super Berry’, ‘Royal Star’, ‘Texas Star’, ‘The Gem’, ‘Super Spur’, ‘Spec’s Francis Creek’ and ‘Golden Farris’. Total phenolics and anthocyanins were analyzed spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity was evaluated against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals(DPPH). Carotenoid profiles were determined with high-performance-liquid-chromatography(HPLC). Our results showed that varieties with darker red colors had higher anthocyanin contents (188.4 to 3mg/100g) than yellow colored ones (‘Texas Super Berry’ >‘Royal Star’>‘The Gem’>‘Texas Star’>‘Super Spur’>‘Specs Francis Creek’>‘Golden Farris’). From carotenoid analyses, ‘Royal Star’ (12mg/100g tissue) had the highest b-carotene. ‘The Gem’ variety had the highest lutein (14mg/100g tissue), neoxanthin (11mg/100g tissue) and phenolic (466mgChl.Ac./100g) concentrations from all cultivars. Due to a higher phenolic content, ‘The Gem’ variety also had a higher antioxidant activity (4682 mg Trolox eq/g). From these results it can be concluded that different mayhaw varieties have different phytochemical profiles and contents, as well as different antioxidant properties. ‘The Gem’ variety may be attractive for nutraceutical markets due to its high phenolic, lutein, and neoxanthin contents, while ‘Royal Star’ for its high b-carotene levels. The high anthocyanin content of ‘Texas Super Berry’ may be of interest to the colorant industry.
Session 45F, Fruit & Vegetable Products: Fruits (Fresh)
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