17-3 |
Cyclodextrins: Microencapsulation on the molecular level |
H. REUSCHER, Wacker Biochem Corp., 3301 Sutton Rd., Adrian, MI 49221 A new technology is being introduced into the food industry, cyclodextrins. These bucket-shaped cyclic oligosaccharides are composed of six, seven and eight anhydroglucose units, and are produced by an enzymatic conversion of starch. They are commercially available in large volumes and of food quality. Their donut-shape enables them to carry and protect nutritional and functional ingredients on the molecular level, e.g. flavors, lipids, vitamins, plant extracts, etc. Additionally they are used to mask off-odors and off-flavors and to reduce unpleasant taste effects. Cyclodextrin formulations with hydrophobic ingredients, including oils give powders, which are both thermally and shear stable. The ingredient is also protected against oxidation. Additionally these powders are easily dispersed in water for use in liquid products. The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) has reviewed alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrin within the last years and allocated an ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) for all of them. In the USA beta cyclodextrin is self affirmed GRAS (General Recognized As Safe) as a flavor protectant in Human Food. Gamma cyclodextrin was also reviewed by an independent international expert panel and is declared to be GRAS in a variety of food and nutraceutical applications at high levels. Last year JECFA reviewed alpha cyclodextrin and allocated an ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) of ‘not specified’ indicating that alpha cyclodextrin can be used in all concentrations technically necessary. Alpha cyclodextrin is expected to be self affirmed GRAS in USA in 2003. This technology can therefore be used in a variety of formulations to fortify foods such as beverages, cereals, baked goods, spreads, dressing/ sauces and dairy products as well as in nutraceutical formulations such as tablets, powders drinks and health bars.
Session 17, Advances in microencapsulation technologies & applications in the food industry
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