100B-11 |
Use of extruded pea starch containing lysozyme as an antimicrobial and biodegradable packaging material |
S. NAM1, J. H. Han1, M. G. Scanlon1, and M. S. Izydorczyk2. (1) Department of Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada, (2) Grain Research Lab, Canadian International Grains Institute, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3G7, Canada Starch is an abundant and functional biopolymer obtainable from many renewable resources, such as cereals, legumes and tubers. Starch is also perceived by consumers as a natural and environmentally safe biopolymer. Therefore, replace of synthetic packaging material with starch has economic and environmental advantages. The objective of this study was to develop a biodegradable and edible starch packaging material containing an antimicrobial agent (lysozyme) using extrusion technology. Extrudates containing 99% pea starch and 1% lysozyme were produced under various extrusion conditions (high and low shear screw configuration, 30-40% moisture content, 70-150 oC barrel temperature). The recovery of total lysozyme and the rate of release of lysozyme from the extrudates were determined. The physical properties of the extrudates were determined through compression, three-point bending tests and pycnometry. Pea starch extrudates were rigid and not soluble in water. Up to 50% of the initial lysozyme activity was recovered from the extruded pea starch matrix. Diffusion coefficient of the high density extruded matrix (D=1.23x10-7cm2/sec) was less than that of an extrudate of lower density (D=6.45x10-7cm2/sec). The elastic modulus and rupture strengths were highly correlated in a power-law fashion to relative density, showing that the mechanical properties of extrudates depend on the solid density and structure of the extrudates. We found the release profile of lysozyme and the mechanical property of extrudates were controllable by altering extrusion conditions specifically. Therefore, it is concluded that extruded pea starch matrix containing lysozyme has a potential application as a biocompatible, biodegradable, and antimicrobial active packaging material.
Session 100B, Food Packaging
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